01.09.2008

We study the problem of computing a minimum equivalent digraph(also known as the problem of computing a strong transitive reduction)and its maximum objective function variant, with two types of extensions.First, we allow to declare a set D ⊂ E and require that a valid solution Asatisfies D ⊂ A (it is sometimes called transitive reduction problem).In the second extension (called p-ary transitive reduction),we have integer edge labeling and we view two paths as equivalent if they havethe same beginning, ending and the sum of labels modulo p. A solutionA ⊆ E is valid if it gives an equivalent path for every original path.For all problems we establish the following: polynomial time minimization of|A| within ratio 1.5, maximization of |E-A| within ratio 2, MAX-SNPhardness even of the length of simple cycles is limited to 5.Furthermore, we believe that the combinatorial technique behind theapproximation algorithm for the minimization version might be of interest toother graph connectivity problems as well.